Which organelle contains digestive enzymes that break down molecules?

Which organelle contains digestive enzymes that break down molecules?

Lysosomes
Lysosomes break down macromolecules into their constituent parts, which are then recycled. These membrane-bound organelles contain a variety of enzymes called hydrolases that can digest proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and complex sugars. The lumen of a lysosome is more acidic than the cytoplasm.

What organelle contains enzymes that make and then break down hydrogen peroxide in order to break down fatty acids?

Peroxisomes contain enzymes that oxidize certain molecules normally found in the cell, notably fatty acids and amino acids. Those oxidation reactions produce hydrogen peroxide, which is the basis of the name peroxisome.

What is the peroxisome?

Peroxisomes are organelles that sequester diverse oxidative reactions and play important roles in metabolism, reactive oxygen species detoxification, and signaling. Oxidative pathways housed in peroxisomes include fatty acid β-oxidation, which contributes to embryogenesis, seedling growth, and stomatal opening.

Which organelle is responsible for breaking down and digesting material in the cell?

A lysosome is a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes. Lysosomes are involved with various cell processes. They break down excess or worn-out cell parts.

Which organelle is responsible for breaking down proteins?

Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of enzymes capable of breaking down all types of biological polymers—proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.

Which organelle contains enzymes to break down waste chloroplast?

Answer Expert Verified The organelle that contains digestives enzymes that break down waste material and debris in the cell is the lysosomes.

What organelle is enclosed by a double membrane?

Besides the nucleus, two other organelles — the mitochondrion and the chloroplast — play an especially important role in eukaryotic cells. These specialized structures are enclosed by double membranes, and they are believed to have originated back when all living things on Earth were single-celled organisms.

What is plasma membrane function?

The function of the plasma membrane The main function of the plasma membrane is to separate and protect the intracellular environment from the extracellular space. The plasma membrane is semi-permeable and selectively regulates the passage and transport of various molecules and compounds in and out of the cell.

Does peroxisome have a membrane?

Peroxisomes differ from mitochondria and chloroplasts in many ways. Most notably, they are surrounded by only a single membrane, and they do not contain DNA or ribosomes. Peroxisomes thus resemble the ER in being a self-replicating, membrane-enclosed organelle that exists without a genome of its own.

Do peroxisomes break down hydrogen peroxide?

Because hydrogen peroxide is harmful to the cell, peroxisomes also contain the enzyme catalase, which decomposes hydrogen peroxide either by converting it to water or by using it to oxidize another organic compound.

How do Golgi bodies and lysosomes work together?

Lysosomes hold enzymes that were created by the cell. The Golgi then does its final work to create the digestive enzymes and pinches off a small, very specific vesicle. That vesicle is a lysosome. From there the lysosomes float in the cytoplasm until they are needed.

What kind of enzymes break down large molecules?

Those enzymes are called hydrolytic enzymes, and they break down large molecules into small molecules. For example, large proteins into amino acids, or large carbohydrates into simple sugars, or large lipids into single fatty acids.

Why is the lysosome important to the digestive system?

Now, the lysosome is a specific type of organelle that’s very acidic. So that means that it has to be protected from the rest of the inside of the cell. It’s a compartment, then, that has a membrane around it that stores the digestive enzymes that require this acid, low-pH environment.

How are proteins packaged in the endomembrane system?

Finally, the modified and tagged proteins are packaged into secretory vesicles that bud from the trans face of the Golgi. While some of these vesicles deposit their contents into other parts of the cell where they will be used, other secretory vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane and release their contents outside the cell.

How are phospholipids transported in the endomembrane system?

If the phospholipids or modified proteins are not destined to stay in the RER, they will reach their destinations via transport vesicles that bud from the RER’s membrane. Since the RER is engaged in modifying proteins (such as enzymes, for example) that will be secreted from the cell, the RER is abundant in cells that secrete proteins.

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