Table of Contents
What is a measure of how rapidly or slowly molecules move?
Temperature
Temperature is the measure of how rapidly or slowly molecules move around. Atmospheric temperature generally decreases with altitude. Air has mass and exerts a force called atmospheric pressure.
What is the measure of how fast the atoms in a material are moving?
Temperature is a quantitative measure of “hot” or “cold.” When the atoms and molecules in an object are moving or vibrating quickly, they have a higher average kinetic energy (KE), and we say that the object is “hot.” When the atoms and molecules are moving slowly, they have lower KE, and we say that the object is “ …
How is thermal energy measured?
The best way to measure the thermal energy of an object is to use a thermometer. It measures the average kinetic energy (one type of thermal energy) of the molecules of a substance in degrees Fahrenheit (F) or Celsius (C).
What are 3 solid particles in the atmosphere?
Name the three solid particles that occur in the atmosphere? The solid particles that occur in the atmosphere are dust, pollen and salt.
What are the 4 main layers of the atmosphere quizlet?
Scientists divide Earth’s atmosphere into four main layers classified according to changes in temperature. These layers are the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, and the thermosphere.
What is a thermometer actually measuring?
A thermometer is an instrument that measures temperature. It can measure the temperature of a solid such as food, a liquid such as water, or a gas such as air. The three most common units of measurement for temperature are Celsius, Fahrenheit, and kelvin. The Celsius scale is part of the metric system.
How do thermometers measure kinetic energy?
As molecules of air move, they hit the walls of a thermometer with kinetic energy. Each collision between an air molecule and the wall of the thermometer results in a transfer of thermal energy from the air to molecules in the thermometer.
What is the measure of energy in a system?
Joules
In the metric system, the units use to measure energy are Joules. A Joule is the amount of energy required to accelerate a 1 kg object to a speed of 2 m/s, or to lift a 1 kg object about 10 cm vertically. Calories, BTUs, and kilowatt hours are other units that can be used to measure energy.
What gasses are in the air?
Standard Dry Air is made up of nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, neon, helium, krypton, hydrogen, and xenon. It does not include water vapor because the amount of vapor changes based on humidity and temperature.
How much gas is in the air?
Nitrogen — 78 percent. Oxygen — 21 percent. Argon — 0.93 percent. Carbon dioxide — 0.04 percent.
What is the lowest layer of the atmosphere?
The Troposphere
The Troposphere This is the lowest part of the atmosphere – the part we live in. It contains most of our weather – clouds, rain, snow. In this part of the atmosphere the temperature gets colder as the distance above the earth increases, by about 6.5°C per kilometre.
What are the layers of the atmosphere in order from highest to lowest?
Earth’s atmosphere has five major and several secondary layers. From lowest to highest, the major layers are the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere.