Which type of sediment would undergoes the most compaction?

Which type of sediment would undergoes the most compaction?

CWI GEOL EXAM 2

Question	Answer
Which type of sediment undergoes the most compaction as it lithifies to sedimentary rocks?	marine mud
Which of the following is associated with deep mantle hot spots?	the volcanoes of Hawaii and the recent activity in Yellowstone National Park

Which of the following sedimentary grain has smallest and largest grain size respectively?

Sand includes sediment grains ranging in size from 2mm to 0.625 mm. Silt is the name of a sediment grain that range in size from 0.625 mm to 0.0039 mm. Mud is the smallest grain size and is also known as clay. It is important to distinguish the grain size called clay from the mineral called clay.

What are the 3 sediment types?

There are three types of sediment:

• Clastic.
• Chemical.
• Biochemical.

What clastic sedimentary rock is compact and may split easily?

Shale is a soft, finely stratified sedimentary rock that formed from consolidated mud rich in clay minerals and can be split easily into fragile plates, such as along bedding plains. Shale forms from the compaction of sediment dominated by clays. Clays are composed of any microscopic mineral particles.

What is the most likely cause of a sediment with highly rounded grains?

What is the most likely cause of a sediment with highly rounded grains? Longer distance transported; The longer the distance, the more the rounding.

What is compacted sediments classified by size?

Clastic sedimentary rocks are grouped by the size of the sediment they contain. Conglomerate and breccia are made of individual stones that have been cemented together. In conglomerate, the stones are rounded. In breccia, the stones are angular. Sandstone is made of sand-sized particles.

What is the grain size of sediments in shale?

In shale the grains are mostly clay, and almost all are smaller than the thin section is thick, 0.03 mm. Although a few grains of silt-size quartz are visible (white specks) and possibly some charcoal (black specks), the clay is too fine-grained to see clearly even at high magnification.

What grain size is shale?

Geologists estimate that shale represents almost ¾ of the sedimentary rock on the Earth’s crust. Geologists are specific about the definition of the rock called “shale.” Shale is composed of clay particles that are less than 0.004 mm in size.

What are the 4 types of sediments?

There are four types: lithogenous, hydrogenous, biogenous and cosmogenous. Lithogenous sediments come from land via rivers, ice, wind and other processes. Biogenous sediments come from organisms like plankton when their exoskeletons break down. Hydrogenous sediments come from chemical reactions in the water.

What are 5 types of sediment?

Sediments are classified according to their size. In order to define them from the smallest size to the largest size: clay, silt, sand, pebble, cobble, and boulder.

Is shale a clastic sedimentary rock?

Shale is a fine-grained, clastic sedimentary rock formed from mud that is a mix of flakes of clay minerals and tiny fragments (silt-sized particles) of other minerals, especially quartz and calcite.

Is limestone a clastic sedimentary rock?

Limestone is a sedimentary rock consisting of more than 50% calcium carbonate ( calcite – CaCO 3). Some limestones form from the cementation of sand and / or mud by calcite ( clastic limestone), and these often have the appearance of sandstone or mudstone. …

What happens to sediments during burial and compaction?

During burial and compaction, sediments will undergo some amount of cementation. Cementation refers to the growth of new minerals between the sediment grains. These new minerals bind the sediment grains together.

Which is the most important cement in sedimentary rocks?

Following DEPOSITION, sediments become SEDIMENTARY ROCKS by the processes of LITHIFICATION LITHIFICATION – the processes of converting sediment into sedimentary rock through COMPACTION and CEMENTATION. Most important cements in sedimentary rocks: CALCITE, SILICA, IRON- OXIDES.

How are sediments and sedimentary rocks related to each other?

Reflect on the rock cycle for an indication of the relationships between the rocks that erode to become sediments and sedimentary rocks. For sediment to become sedimentary rock, it usually undergoes burial, compaction, and cementation.

How are grains of clastic sediment modified during weathering to deposition?

Grains of clastic sediment, which are called clasts are winnowed and modified during the weathering-to-deposition process. Weathering of minerals will gradually eliminate the physically weaker and chemically more reactive minerals, increasing the relative abundance of more resistant minerals.