What magma composition does Mauna Kea have?

What magma composition does Mauna Kea have?

basalt
Mauna Kea’s composition is primarinly tholeiitic basalt, capped by alkalic lavas of hawaiite to benmoreite compositions. Remnants of glacial terrane from the last global ice age (about 20,000 years ago) can be seen on Mauna Kea’s summit.

What type of lava is in Hawaii?

There are two principal types of lava flows in Hawaii. Pahoehoe is the type characterized by smooth, ropy, or billowy surfaces (Plate 5); whereas aa has a very rough, spiny or rubbly surface, but a massive interior (Plate 4).

What type of magma is produced in Mauna Loa?

basaltic
The lava from Mauna Loa’s various eruptions is basaltic, which is a type of rock found in the ocean floor, and within the Earth’s mantle. The basalt from Mauna Loa is predominantly tholeiitic basalt, which has a very small percentage of silica.

What type of lava is in a cinder cone volcano?

basaltic lava
Cinder cone volcanoes feature highly fluid basaltic lava. However, this lava is thicker toward the top of the magma chamber, causing gasses to become trapped. This produces small explosive outbursts of short durations, known as strombolian eruptions.

What is the base of Mauna Kea?

With 4,205 meters (13,796 feet, 2.6 miles) above sea level, more than half of Mauna Kea’s height falls below the surface of the ocean, with its base reaching 5,761 meters (18,900 feet, 3.6 miles) deep.

What are 3 different types of lava?

The high temperatures and pressure under Earth’s crust keep magma in its fluid state. There are three basic types of magma: basaltic, andesitic, and rhyolitic, each of which has a different mineral composition.

What is Mauna Loa volcano type?

Mauna Loa is the largest active volcano on the planet. Meaning “long mountain” in Hawaiian, it is the quintessential shield volcano in its shape— signified by broad, rounded slopes.

What types of magma is erupted from Kīlauea and Mauna Loa?

Hawaiian volcanoes primarily erupt a type of rock known as basalt. When molten, basalt produces liquids of relatively high fluidity, compared to volcanoes that erupt more silica rich magma types such as andesite, dacite or rhyolite.

Does a cone volcano have thick lava?

Shield cones are very low and very broad shaped volcanoes. These volcanoes erupt many times over the same area forming huge, and thick lava plateaus. The lava that flows from both types of eruptions is very hot, thin, and runny which allows for fast flowing lava flows.

What kind of volcano is Mauna Kea in Hawaii?

Mauna Kea. Mauna Kea (/ˌmɔːnə ˈkeɪ.ə/ or /ˌmaʊnə ˈkeɪ.ə/, Hawaiian: [ˈmɐwnə ˈkɛjə]) is a dormant volcano on the island of Hawaii.

How is the eruption of Mauna Loa unique?

By itself, the land mass that Mauna Loa encompasses is almost equal twice all of the other Hawaiian islands combined. Eruptions of Mauna Loa have historically been characterized by high volume flows that produce lava capable of travelling long distances, contributing to its shape.

Is there evidence of glaciation on Mauna Kea?

Glacial evidence on Mauna Kea, outlining terminal moraines (“m”) and till (“w”) Mauna Kea is the only Hawaiian volcano with distinct evidence of glaciation. Similar deposits probably existed on Mauna Loa, but have been covered by later lava flows.

Is there permafrost on the summit of Mauna Kea?

A small body of permafrost, less than 25 m (80 ft) across, was found at the summit of Mauna Kea prior to 1974, and may still be present. Small gullies etch the summit, formed by rain- and snow-fed streams that flow only during winter melt and rain showers.