Table of Contents
- 1 What 2 factors determine the alleles an organism ends up with?
- 2 What two things do alleles determine?
- 3 Why will two alleles end up in different gametes?
- 4 Where do two alleles come from if each organism has two alleles for a particular trait?
- 5 What determines the phenotype of an organism?
- 6 What is an example of a trait that is determined by multiple alleles?
- 7 How do alleles affect the function of cells?
- 8 How are alleles paired together to make genetic traits?
What 2 factors determine the alleles an organism ends up with?
To summarize, two things determine the traits an organism has: its genotype and the dominance or recessiveness of the alleles it has.
What two things do alleles determine?
2 Alleles are located on chromosomes, which are the structures that hold our genes. Specifically, alleles influence the way our body’s cells work, determining traits and characteristics like skin pigmentation, hair and eye color, height, blood type, and much more.
How are alleles determined?
An allele is an alternative form of a gene (one member of a pair) that is located at a specific position on a specific chromosome. These DNA codings determine distinct traits that can be passed on from parents to offspring through sexual reproduction….Multiple Alleles.
| Blood Groups | Genotype |
|---|---|
| AB | (IA,IB) |
| O | (IO,IO) |
What are the 2 factors that make up an organism’s phenotype?
An organism’s phenotype results from two basic factors: the expression of an organism’s genetic code, or its genotype, and the influence of environmental factors. Both factors may interact, further affecting phenotype.
Why will two alleles end up in different gametes?
During meiosis, homologous chromosomes separate and go to different gametes. Thus, the two alleles for each gene also go to different gametes. At the same time, different chromosomes assort independently. As a result, alleles for different genes assort independently as well.
Where do two alleles come from if each organism has two alleles for a particular trait?
Genes come in different varieties, called alleles. Somatic cells contain two alleles for every gene, with one allele provided by each parent of an organism.
How do alleles determine the phenotype of the organism?
Although an individual gene may code for a specific physical trait, that gene can exist in different forms, or alleles. One allele for every gene in an organism is inherited from each of that organism’s parents. Alleles produce phenotypes (or physical versions of a trait) that are either dominant or recessive.
What do alleles have to do with characteristics?
For cases in which a single gene controls a single characteristic, a diploid organism has two genetic copies that may or may not encode the same version of that characteristic. Gene variants that arise by mutation and exist at the same relative locations on homologous chromosomes are called alleles.
What determines the phenotype of an organism?
An organism’s phenotype is determined by its genotype, which is the set of genes the organism carries, as well as by environmental influences upon these genes. Phenotypes also include observable characteristics that can be measured in the laboratory, such as levels of hormones or blood cells.
What is an example of a trait that is determined by multiple alleles?
The best characterized example of multiple alleles in humans is the ABO blood groups, discussed in the Non-Mendelian Inheritance concept. Other human traits determined by multiple alleles would be hair color, hair texture, eye color, built, physical structures, etc.
Which of the following describes when two alleles separate from each other and end up in separate gametes?
The law of segregation states that the two alleles for a gene separate during gamete formation, and end up in different gametes.
During which part of meiosis do the two alleles of a gene separate?
Chapters 1-18
| During which part of meiosis (meiosis I or meiosis II) do the two alleles of a gene separate? During which phase does the separation occur? | meosis I, anaphase |
| nondisjunction | Nondisjunction refers to the failure of pairs of chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate during meiosis or mitosis. |
How do alleles affect the function of cells?
Specifically, alleles influence the way our body’s cells work, determining traits and characteristics like skin pigmentation, hair and eye color, height, blood type, and much more. The traits we end up inheriting from our parents depend on how the alleles interact with each other.
How are alleles paired together to make genetic traits?
How It Works The traits we end up inheriting from our parents depend on how the alleles interact with each other. The specific way that alleles are paired together are known as inheritance patterns, which make up all the variations in a person’s genetic traits.
When do recessive alleles appear in a trait?
Recessive alleles can only express themselves if there are two copies—one from each parent. And you’ve probably figured out by now that dominant alleles overrule recessive alleles. For example, a trait like blue eyes is considered recessive, so it generally only appears when the blue eye alleles are the same from both parents.
What determines the inherited traits an organism has?
Complex Traits. To summarize, two things determine the traits an organism has: its genotype and the dominance or recessiveness of the alleles it has. Some traits, like flower color in peas, are controlled by a single gene, but ultimately many if not most traits in an organism are controlled by more than one gene.