Is cartilage a mineralized tissue?

Is cartilage a mineralized tissue?

The three different mineralized tissues in the joint – calcified cartilage, subchondral plate, and subchondral trabecular bone – are different not only mechanically, but also physiologically.

What is the matrix of cartilage like?

It is not as hard and rigid as bone, but it is much stiffer and much less flexible than muscle. The matrix of cartilage is made up of glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, collagen fibers and, sometimes, elastin. Because of its rigidity, cartilage often serves the purpose of holding tubes open in the body.

Is the matrix of cartilage calcified?

The calcification of cartilage matrix in endochondral bone formation occurs in an extracellular matrix composed of fibrils of type II collagen with which type X collagen is closely associated. At the time of calcification, these proteoglycans become focally concentrated in sites where mineral is deposited.

What is the matrix of cartilage made up of?

It is made up of cells called chondroblasts and chondrocytes, (chondro – cartilage) and extracellular matrix, made up about 10% aggrecan, 75% water, and a mix of collagen fibres and other constituents. There are three types of cartilage, which differ mostly in the type of fibres they contain.

What is the matrix of bone called?

Bone matrix (also known as osteoid) consists of about 33% organic matter (mostly Type I collagen) and 67% inorganic matter (calcium phosphate, mostly hydroxyapatite crystals).

What are the 6 mineralized tissues?

Mineralized tissues are biological tissues that incorporate minerals into soft matrices. Bone, mollusc shells, deep sea sponge Euplectella species, radiolarians, diatoms, antler bone, tendon, cartilage, tooth enamel and dentin are some examples of mineralized tissues.

What is cartilage matrix function?

The collagen matrix gives cartilage its form and tensile strength. Proteoglycans and non-collagenous proteins bind to the collagenous network and help to stabilize the matrix framework and bind the chondrocytes to the macromolecules of the network.

What is the composition of bone and cartilage matrix?

Extracellular matrix, which is made up of an organic matrix (30%) containing proteoglycans (but less than cartilage), glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins, osteonectin (anchors bone mineral to collagen) and osteocalcin (calcium binding protein). There are collagen fibres (mostly type I (90%), with some type V).

What is the matrix of bone made of what makes it so hard?

The hardness and rigidity of bone is due to the presence of mineral salt in the osteoid matrix, which is a crystalline complex of calcium and phosphate (hydroxyapatite). Calcified bone contains about 25% organic matrix (2-5% of which are cells), 5% water and 70% inorganic mineral (hydroxyapatite).

What cells and matrix are found inside the bone?

Like cartilage, and other types of connective tissue, bone is made up of Cells and Extracellular matrix: Cells – which in bone are called osteoblasts and osteocytes, (osteo – bone). There are also two other cell types: osteoprogenitor cells and osteoclasts.

How does the matrix of cartilage differ from bone?

Cartilage and Bone are specialised forms of connective tissue. They are both made up of cells embedded in an extracellular matrix. Cartilage is thin, avascular, flexible and resistant to compressive forces. Bone is highly vascularised, and its calcified matrix makes it very strong.

How does bone matrix differ from matrix of cartilage?

What kind of tissue is cartilage made of?

Cartilage is an avascular, supporting and articular skeletal tissue consisting of cells in an extracellular matrix that may or may not mineralise depending on cartilage type, species or group of organisms; many invertebrates have cartilage but it never mineralises.

What makes up the extracellular matrix of bone?

In addition to collagen, about 5% of the extracellular matrix of bone is made up of non-collagenous proteins, including osteopontin, osteocalcin, and various bone morphogenic proteins. These proteins play crucial roles in mineral homeostasis, bone metabolism, bone formation, and bone turnover (Boskey, 1992; Roach, 1994).

Which is a mineral found in the bone?

Bone is a composite tissue consisting of mineral, matrix (collagen and non-collagenous proteins), cells, and water. The mineral is hydroxyapatite, which is an analog of the naturally occurring crystalline calcium phosphate.

What makes up the composite tissue of bone?

Basic Biology of Bone. Bone is a composite tissue consisting of mineral, matrix (collagen and non-collagenous proteins), cells, and water.