What is a result of genetic change?
Evolution is a process that results in changes in the genetic material of a population over time. Evolution reflects the adaptations of organisms to their changing environments and can result in altered genes, novel traits, and new species.
Which are possible results of a mutation?
Mutations can lead to changes in the structure of an encoded protein or to a decrease or complete loss in its expression. Because a change in the DNA sequence affects all copies of the encoded protein, mutations can be particularly damaging to a cell or organism.
How does mutation affect genetic variation?
The flow of individuals in and out of a population introduces new alleles and increases genetic variation within that population. Mutations are changes to an organism’s DNA that create diversity within a population by introducing new alleles.
What causes genetic mutation?
Mutations can result from DNA copying mistakes made during cell division, exposure to ionizing radiation, exposure to chemicals called mutagens, or infection by viruses. Germ line mutations occur in the eggs and sperm and can be passed on to offspring, while somatic mutations occur in body cells and are not passed on.
What is the term used to describe the smallest possible mutation in a DNA strand which involves only one base?
Point Mutation = A point mutation is when a single base pair is altered. Point mutations can have one of three effects. First, the base substitution can be a silent mutation where the altered codon corresponds to the same amino acid.
Which genetic condition is considered a single gene disorder?
Some of the more common single-gene disorders include cystic fibrosis, hemochromatosis, Tay-Sachs, and sickle cell anemia. Even though these diseases are primarily caused by a single gene, several different mutations can result in the same disease but with varying degrees of severity and phenotype.
What is single gene inheritance?
Remember, for any given gene, a person inherits one allele from his or her mother and one allele from his or her father. Therefore, individuals with an autosomal recessive single-gene disease inherit one mutant allele of the disease-associated gene from each of their parents.