Table of Contents
- 1 What is it called when we use mRNA to produce amino acids?
- 2 What is the transfer of genetic information from DNA to mRNA called?
- 3 How are amino acids assembled during translation?
- 4 How the information carried by mRNA is used in the ribosome to form proteins?
- 5 What are amino acids held together by?
- 6 How do DNA molecules express the genetic information they contain?
What is it called when we use mRNA to produce amino acids?
Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). Then a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule carrying the amino acid methionine binds to what is called the start codon of the mRNA sequence.
What is the transfer of genetic information from DNA to mRNA called?
Transfer of information from molecule of DNA to mRNA is called as transcription process.
What is the genetic information in RNA used to assemble amino acids into?
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) associates with a set of proteins to form ribosomes. These complex structures, which physically move along an mRNA molecule, catalyze the assembly of amino acids into protein chains.
What is the assembly of amino acids into a protein called?
translation
During translation, ribosomes move along an mRNA strand, and with the help of proteins called initiation factors, elongation factors, and release factors, they assemble the sequence of amino acids indicated by the mRNA, thereby forming a protein.
How are amino acids assembled during translation?
How are amino acids assembled during translation? mRNA attaches to the ribosome. tRNA molecules transport amino acids to the ribosome. Peptide bonds form between adjacent amino acids to form the protein.
How the information carried by mRNA is used in the ribosome to form proteins?
During translation, ribosomal subunits assemble together like a sandwich on the strand of mRNA, where they proceed to attract tRNA molecules tethered to amino acids (circles). A long chain of amino acids emerges as the ribosome decodes the mRNA sequence into a polypeptide, or a new protein.
How does DNA carry genetic information?
Genetic information is carried in the linear sequence of nucleotides in DNA. Each molecule of DNA is a double helix formed from two complementary strands of nucleotides held together by hydrogen bonds between G-C and A-T base pairs.
How information in the DNA allows the transfer of genetic information?
Together, transcription and translation are known as gene expression. During the process of transcription, the information stored in a gene’s DNA is passed to a similar molecule called RNA (ribonucleic acid) in the cell nucleus. A type of RNA called transfer RNA (tRNA) assembles the protein, one amino acid at a time.
What are amino acids held together by?
Within a protein, multiple amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds, thereby forming a long chain. Peptide bonds are formed by a biochemical reaction that extracts a water molecule as it joins the amino group of one amino acid to the carboxyl group of a neighboring amino acid.
How do DNA molecules express the genetic information they contain?
Genetic information is carried in the linear sequence of nucleotides in DNA. Each molecule of DNA is a double helix formed from two complementary strands of nucleotides held together by hydrogen bonds between G-C and A-T base pairs. In eucaryotes, DNA is contained in the cell nucleus.
What name is given to the process in which pre mRNA is edited into mRNA?
Ch 16 and 17
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What name is given to the process in which a strand of DNA is used as a template for the manufacture of a strand of pre-mRNA? | transcription |
| What name is given to the process in which the information encoded in a strand of mRNA is used to construct a protein? | translation |
How does mRNA molecule carry information from DNA?
The mRNA carries the information in DNA to the ribosomes found in the cytoplasm, the messenger RNA carries the information in the DNA through process called transcription. Explanation: mRNA carries the genetic information from the DNA to a ribosome. The ribosome will then “read” the mRNA strand and make a protein.